Yellow fever vaccination and cholera vaccination are necessary for entering the country. Anti-malaria tablets and mosquito repellent are strongly recommended for visitors to the low-lying areas around the country. Acclimatization measures are also essential, to prevent altitude sickness. Bilharzia is a risk in every lake, except possibly Lake Langano, so swimming is not a good idea. Be careful while eating any fresh produce, since the chances of it containing pesticides and germs for liver fluke are high. Eating raw minced meat (kitfo) though a national custom, carries the risk of tapeworm, so think twice definitely before attempting it. There is no reason why you shouldn’t have a disease-free time in Ethiopia if you follow these basic precautions.
Generally, Ethiopia is safe for visitors, apart from the usual annoyances of getting your pocket pinched -follow the standard precautions. Armed robbery is uncommon, and is mostly confined to the countryside. Venturing out after dark would be at your own risk and is not recommended outside city limits. An additional note for all travelers—Ethiopia is intolerant of homosexual activity to varying degrees, and punishment for being caught in a ‘compromising position’ can range from fines and imprisonment to arbitrary violence.
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